Management Research-Survival of Restaurant Industry in Recession - Free Essay Example

Will Restaurant industry survive with current Economic Recession In United Kingdom? † â€Å"As Budget hits Recession †¦Bucks are in congestion†¦Belly’s locked its Dine-out fun! † INTRODUCTION This economic downfall is a shock for the people who are up in the profit ladder, challenge for the owners in the middle and caution for the starters about to climb. This economic downfall though had swallowed profits and credits of various fields. It has feed numerous profit counts for the media, as it is the seasonal hit topic for them to deal with, to give news and earn quid out of it. The Restaurants so called the ever green Industry is now facing the spring, losing its greens in fall. The fast food restaurants under the shade faced no pain while the fine dining faces quake in their quid’s. The restaurants to survive are not an impossible deal but a challenging issue which could healthily survive following the balancing factors and basic techniques. IS YOUR MENU AFFORDABLE OR OFFENDABLE? To hit your target, the restaurant Owner must ever plan the cost line to be fair and which is normally 60 to 70 percent of the revenue in total which includes the wages, food and beverage cost, expenses, insurance, electricity, utilities and the monthly bills. To take a keen look at controlling the food costs, a key technique can be used with other utilizing factors known as Menu Engineering. It is nothing but planning, choosing, listing, pricing and appraising the menu sheet. Michael L, Donald I ,1982) The regular formula of ingredients cost price being the quotient when divided by the menu price is followed is continuity basis. But menu price lesser than the food cost is the menu planning methodology which contributes a margin to the food cost. Listing the menu based on its popularity and pricing it parallel to its demand will equally help for uplift. .( Michael L, Donald I,1982) To evaluate the items sold with periodic maintenance of account will work more for profit. Thus to organize the menu affordable both y customers and the owners profit properly is the hit list menu. MERCHANDISE FROM INTERIOR The highly effective marketing is nothing but impressing the guests in to your restaurant. The hospitality and timely attention with delightful recipes would not only enhance them but also let to welcome them again with other customers to whom the restaurant was being recommended. This real customer attraction tactics will deeply assist for the food concern’s profit. To retain the customer is less consuming than to expect new customers which would be obvious, if the regular are retained. The conservative ideas of the presentation, recipe and in decoration will win the profit race. (John F, 1997) Invite, Impress the new guests, introduce your elements and concept of the food menu u provide. Get noted with the impressed consumers and welcome them more warm , when they retain and please serve them with privilege and initiate for your delicacies for their choice. For a long term commitment, a greet note in mail for their special days would enhance them and retain them with more customers as well. Conduct, food festivals, discount combos, delights by upgrading the trend and season equivalent to the audience majority of food choice . Before the food service begins, just a piece of note about your restaurant built and thought history, facts about the food served, which would explain the calories that is contained and how healthy the food is, which will obviously please the customers. (Michael F Jayne G , 2002) A crayon and paper for the accompanying kid which will make them adore awaiting for their dinner rather than getting bored. RECESSION IMPACT ON RESTAURANTS In 1000 people survey 27 percent confirmed that their first wind up in spend list is the restaurants and dine outs. The French restaurants in Europe has mainly dropped fall up to 50%and Traditional restaurants turnover has fallen to half of usual. Recession report says about 64% of British are now less likely to drink and eat out. 46% have cut back on the amount they tip during dine out. The other massive pull back now is horizon of Swine Flu. This wide spread influenza has influenced people to get locked at home . The pubs and night restaurants have become insolvent and hits closures by next year. The food chains serving at or below 5 quid’s and margin based restaurants could cope up with the economic down fall; the main fall target hooked the high profit class restaurants. Thus the economic recession hits great offers for the dine outs, like fine dinning for free, have 3 course menu and pay just for starter, etc. leading celebrity chefs are forced to close few of their resta urant branches due to credit down economy. While the restaurants tends to lose staffs, loss in run fast foods like MC DONALD, KFC, DOMINO’S PIZZA have seen more percent profit and recruits more jobs for their branches. Thus the restaurants choices are arbitrary and majority people shift to fast food huts from 3 course high delights. ( Fred,1994) This credit crunch has made the labor and employment issues like wages, scheduling, health costs, low tips etc to deal tough. Though among 150 London restaurants for Business Link’s monthly Restaurant Barometer, 40 per cent of the capital’s businesses reported an increase in like custom and profits from April to June this year. Some all time elements and recession hazards leads the restaurant market down. Economic influences are the favorable long-term trends towards greater eating out activity will drive renewed market growth. (Sally, Lyndon, 1994) There will be a recessionary legacy related to customer value expectations, but issues around customer experience, convenience, healthier eating, provenance and sustainability will inevitably work their way back up the agendas of both consumers and management. RECESSION FACED IS WORSE THAN NINETIES Now London is passing the eighteen month credit crunch phase which is a lot deeper and longer than it was before and in the other areas. According to the research done by the central economy and business. it is found that the credit crunch has shrunk the capital more as London is the city where all hooks depend and so the economic fall is worse than the nineties. This credit quake forced lots of job lost individuals, which the research says would even increase further, and the financial downfall has drastically affected restaurants and pubs leaving empty in lunch time and some even closed in loss. Thus the research, report, survey all submits and admits that the economic fall will rise up slow but will recover in to gear while the capital welcomes Olympic in 2012 positively. FEARSOME DINERS CAUSED BY RECESSION The economic situation has made most of the customers planed for less spending for the future safety. By the market analysts report, it is found that the two third of the public cut out dinning and half are personally affected. A substantial 3 in 10 adults have trimmed out their dine outs mainly because of the fear of recession and not for that they have to do so. The consumer research repots that more than the really economic suffer the recession phobia has spread overall which stimulated brakes in dine out. The credit crunch has developed adapting, spending behavior if or not it is required. The consumers percentage of dine out has decreased in one side but also we could find pub drinks and dine lights still popular in the dinning sector with 7. 6 billon sales in 2008. It is also analyzed that the dine out circle in UK was valued up to 31. 1 billion in 2008 with an average of 10 pound per week by a consumer. The half of the adults still remains same in their pub drinks and dines outs in regular basis. Thus it reveals to rediscover the offer of the pubs. Though the economic flash out didn’t make the pubs houseful and it stays as the final option for the adults, they find value of it even if rare. Safe spending and knock for bucks is the challenging requirement for the consumers by the industry and government. INDIAN MEALS BEATS UP CREDIT CRUNCH Indian restaurants Industry was too shot by the recession, but still people get enhanced by the spicy curry and cheap ready meals which vanish soon in supermarkets. The people’s visit count to Indian restaurants may have reduced but the switch over of ready meal supply by the entrepreneurs have been soar and also struggled to meet the demand. The ready meals from stores and take away are far cheap and convenient than price dragging restaurant dishes. The loss in restaurants is found directly proportional to the gain in ready meal suppliers, caterers. In this current down in market, Indian ready meal owners do have found gain and demand in their new launched product. The Restaurant Managers say that they offer catering service and food meal supply to church weddings and celebration party which do give them profit and The ready meal companies submit positive growth and gain in the ready meal market which a prominent achievement in meeting the demand of supply. Icon group,2006 –2011) Two years old â€Å"The Tiffin Food â€Å"company in Leicester which was awarded as the best Asian restaurant by the Rutland and Leicestershire Restaurant Awards, utilize recipes and ingredients in a Tiffin restaurant. FOOD COST QUOTATION The food costing plays major role in the restaurant industry. The food cost quotation is explained as the detailed calculation prepared with each and every ingredients cost price, labour charges and other basic strategy to fix the final price of the product with a profit margin. The owners/managers tend to manage their profit line proportionate to the food cost planning theoretically and practically. They take guts to price up for their signature dishes which are quality assured. But now in the period of recession it is must to check their price line for the customer support. As pricing the item with a profit analysing cost of its ingredients, it is a tricky issue and main factor of this industry. The main factor which enables the chain restaurants jump up in profits and have sustainable success is portion control of the menu. They are specific in execution of food quantity and quality of each recipe. The proportioned food items and equal amount food service will benefit the restaurant from food wastage and labour charges. The numbering and appealing quantity of food will include raise in profit percentage. The seasonal menu will too help in costing the food and profit count. The menu to consumers taste, trend and seasonal ingredients incorporating in several dishes with unique twist which emboss the meal from other restaurants hooks the consumers. To use local farm products and fresh vegetables and creating less expensive menu will beat the competitive restaurants. The best price structure should be with the certain factors such as ingredients cost, value of the meal, recipe costs and other variable cost will succeed. (Bernard , 2008). Food Hygiene The best food hygiene in the restaurant is the predominant factor of consumer’s satisfaction and long validity of success. The reuse of left out meal and reheated meal may display gain for the day but would sink the customer count. To maintain a proper hygiene scrubbing, cleaning, wash up, safe hands, regular table wipe up must be set mandatory and the employees must be strictly trained to follow the hygiene factors. To launch a basic simple savoury shop or brand restaurant food hygiene certificate must be issued and it has to be valid with good conduct. The basic practical sense to fill the random hygiene requirements such as maintaining a clean domestic kitchen, regular cleaning of lavatory, napkin and towel change, floor mop etc creates more comfort to the customers. The temperature control in freezer and food storage plays major role as the carelessness in storage will spoil the entire meal and storage. These hygiene factors followed in routine and supervised by the owner will help to maintain the sustainability of success. The recession makes many aspects of the restaurant industry flexible and insist menu and cost modulation but the main only success factor which has to have no compromise is food hygiene. This increase the resistance of consumers and profit stability of the restaurant. RESTAURANT ROOT FACTORS For stabilising in the industry each must be certain with the tactics of the industry and mainly the restaurant marketing which would only turn the restaurant in to business. The successful components to win the marketing strategy is such that of following specific basic ideals in a planned manner. Branding, Positioning, Due diligence, Training, Menu mixture. Branding is nothing but a promise assured to the consumers and properly executed by the concern. It is not a recognition of the logo by the customers, but brand is to fill the gap between the advertised promise and the product or menu given as per guaranteed. This will root us in industry for a long lasting period. (Bernard , 2008) Positioning is another major component which deserve for the betterment of the restaurant. It is to analyse the customer standard and expectations and provide them the choice of their budget. The USP so called unique selling proportion is to be followed in this field to last and to win the competitive market. To provide the best to both cheap and high choice attaining full satisfaction to the customers will keep your restaurant standard. Due diligence is to know all the required factors such as competitive restaurant, financial output and input, sales under progress, marketing backup, internal consumers and customers need and so on this at a regular basis will help improve the restaurant in a early period. Training is interconnected with other main sources such as operation, management and resources. Beyond the employee orientation and customer service. The training process should be under progress such that it meets and beats the competitive features and current need by the customers, the training must deeply involve with patience, listening, face charm, attentiveness, appearance, hygiene and hospitality. (john R, 2007) To impress the customers for the first time, always it is high costing for the launchers for building their stability in the industry, The trial customers will mainly concentrate on the quality and cost of the food and the service they provide for their leisure eating. Then the other next issue is to increase the frequency of the customers. To increase the income and frequency of the existing customers it is must to maintain loyalty and give privilege and standard quality meal each time and innovative ideas of change in interior, food festive, offer meals will help for that. The exemption you provide in your bill positively will enthusiast the customers more like, free meal for the driver if they set party at the restaurant. Meal vouchers and other innovative ideas will help improve the income. To allocate the percentage of income in advertising and marketing will play main role in the industry to sustain longer. To increase attraction in sales and marketing of the restaurant keys such as creating and designing a website with attractive factors, distribution of brochures and literatures with price discount and seasonal menu, to build and gain a good reputation among the public, unique selling proposition USP of the restaurant etc will make the restaurant more profitable and success oriented. The main concentration in attracting the customers is mostly held on every restaurant but the more observation and concentration inside the restaurants will be the root to success. Those are the basic factors such as recruiting the skilled staffs, choosing the innovative and well talented chef , appointing the right candidate with leadership qualities and situation handling techniques as manager, Accounting the profit and balance sheet perfectly, to maintain the comfortable, hygienic atmosphere for the customers and delivering the tasty and quality food. Thus the typical restaurants can set up to 6% for the marketing and time of opening and closing the restaurants with consumer’s convenience in mind will help for better success. The more working hours for weekends, less likely on the bland days with take away options will also balance labour cost and increase the income of the restaurant. (Bernard , 2008). FINANCIAL HAZARDS The financial input and output maintained balancing other betterment criteria will definitely improve the restaurant. The main financial hazards of the restaurant which drag back the restaurant from growth financially are as follows. Mismanagement, Bland supervision, Negligence in hygiene, Non implementation of organized accounting system, expenses of operation greater when compared to gross sales, Non updating of new items, Menu list not being costed properly or not documented regularly, Level of food and beverage not being accounted or cost accuracy with controversy in accounting tally conclusion. Financial output and input data with proper review not been collected at regular intervals. Financial input being inaccurate. The liabilities which are comparatively higher than the assets which will be hurdle to pay the future bills. Inability in current cash note which set the owner to rely on online bank balance. Misunderstanding and lack of involvement is analysing the financial statements such as balance sheet, profit loss statement, variable costs, fixed costs, expenditure of the month and full financial data properly. (Douglas, 2003) The new innovative ideas such as voucher meals, free single course meal, offer price cuts and so on will not only add income to your account but also proper accounting and upgrading specification of each offer to the system, so as to maintain proper accounting format. With competitive features in mind, Introducing new combo deals and recipes meeting the restaurant budget must be planned financially before execution. (Bernard , 2008). If these basic hazards perception is succeeded then it will be a positive increase to maximise the marketing and quid. ALIGN BASEMENT TO BEGIN BETTERMENT Restaurants are now in vein to hit profit due to the economy. Even the profit stabled restaurants are now couldn’t cope balanced and many are just opened for the status they reached. So in this hectic situation to recall the basic techniques follow the formulas to build betterment in the base line will drag the profit in. Presence and Awareness of the Owner: The Owner’s absence is always an advantage for the workers unless an exemption, the degree of work quality and speed will always be up in the owner’s presence. Not only is the presence required but also the awareness towards the customers need and satisfaction. To let the workers know that you are aware of the standard food quality, perfection and serving the consumers up to their expectation ever. Forecasting and Maintaining Daily Figures: To beat the best restaurants, it is necessary to know the monthly, weekly, daily figures and fortnight graph to reach the profit goal fast, have proper regular list of the meal counts, wages, variable and fixed cost, to analyse the requirements and put periodic new counts to improve and always let the employees know that u give them full support but not lenient towards the business. Consumers are the Pillars: The credit crunch has not only made the consumers look for a great service and quality food but also a value meal and cost cut meal deals. As per the proverb â€Å"First impression is the best impression† it is always must to keep in mind that to meet regular profit input we must have regular customers in, so its is basic to keep customers satisfied and comfortable always and never let them to get bad impression towards the restaurant or the service. The service with charm in face, attentive behaviour with politeness and patience, best food with better presentation will all help you attract the consumers. Advertise to Reach: From special diner delights, credit crunch value meals, food festive and so on will put you in quotation at daily papers which gives great publicity. Put extra amount during season to reach and keep customers standard and stable. Be flexible and appreciative towards the change in interior and menu which meets the trend and audience requirement. The website designed for the restaurant which covers all the necessary details to book, contact and choose from your restaurant will let public reach you soon. (Michael F, Jayne G, 2002) INAGURATE A NEW RESTAURANT IN CREDIT CRUNCH New Restaurants are opened with innovative menus in this steep economic downfall in Northern Ireland. But How? This remains as finger crossed questions to many. The Tim Boner, Manager of the newly opened Cocos in Belfast Answers its all about pricing the menu right. By analysing the high end restaurants hit, they re modelled, renovated, and re launched it with cheap cost menu which works well. They find subsequent growth and gain even in this recession time and that matters and becomes possible only with a policy of good service, good quality and good price meals. â€Å"Today is never late than Tomorrow† is a old saying, so to execute the restaurant launch during recession is not a bad choice because successful firm can sustain anywhere and anytime. Thus utilizing the media, brochure distribution, website and adverts restaurant launch can be made to reach the people and will be key to promote sales as well, Introduce recipe choice, introduction discount offers, atmospheric comfort, feedback receiving etc to create good impact about the new restaurant among the public. The calculative and practical business plan which is well executed will definitely succeed in any circumstance. The Manager of the credit gained restaurants says that â€Å"if the Formula is False, The failure is sure even if no crunch in credit economy. The phobia of recession was a hit as the failing people fail faster and find a reason for it . But yet for achievers it is obviously a mile stone and bonus pride when succeeded. The Restaurants are now found rock and roll, closing down often with out realising the tip that spending more time and mind would give them gain. Scheduling and dedicating more will definitely bring in money says the Orchard County-based chef. ELEMENTS OF FAILURE ?Lack of documented strategy; only informal or orally communication of mission and vision; lack of organizational culture fostering success characteristics. Inability or unwillingness to establish and formalize operational standards; seat-of-the-pants management. ?Frequent critical incidents; managing operations by â€Å"putting out fires† appears to be a common practice. ?Focusing on one aspect of the business at the expense of the others. ?Poor choice of location. ?Lack of match between restaurant concept and location. ?Lack of sufficient st art up capital or operational capital. ?Lack of business experience or knowledge of restaurant operations. ?Poor communication with consumers. ?Negative consumer perception of value; price and product must match. For ethnic restaurants, loss of authenticity; for all restaurants, loss of conceptual integrity. ?Becoming everything to everyone; failure of differentiation or distinctiveness. ?Underestimating the competition. ?Lack of owner commitment due to family demands, such as illness or emotional problems. ?Lack of operational performance evaluation systems. ?Frequent changes in management and diverse views of the mission, vision, and objectives. ?Tardy establishment of vision and mission statements of the business; failure to integrate vision and mission into the operation; lack of commitment in management or employee ranks. Failure to maintain management flexibility and innovation. ?No controllable, external factors, such as fires, changing demographic trends, legislation, econom y, and social and cultural changes. ?Entrepreneurial incompetence; inability to operate as or recruit professional managers(Bernard,2008) QUESTIONARE 1. Have you cut down eating in restaurant due to recession? 2. If yes what is the percentage of reduction? 3. Will Home Delivery services increase your order to Restaurants? 4. Do you think a price cut in Restaurant food may improve your Restaurant Visits? 5. Do you order food based on special offer or choice of item? . Do you like to remind you about the Menus and special Menus for your weekend order? 7. Are you interested in us to cook your choice of food on your behalf and do door delivery? 8. Are you interested in cheaper food to manage the recession? 9. If you would like to reduce the transport cost due to recession, do you prefer restaurants to deliver and serve food at your garden? KEYS FOR RESTAURANTS TO REFRESH IN RECESSION To avoid the fall off in Recession t-tsunami†¦Restaurants can switch to pliability in price list an d use magnetic key lines for customer allurement and let the concurrence of the team lay stagnant. Sketch competitive bullets to hit the profit with no pain for consumers’ wallets†¦ PLIABILITY ?To invigorate the price sensitive customers, design a make over menu with discount combo meals, cost cuts in dishes, family meal deals, Price cut in Take Away,. ?To induce the demand always maintains quality and best taste which competes the best standard in the restaurant market. ?To keep the customers flooding in, introduce free meal next visit vouchers for family dinner or party and free desert or starter for a plural combo and such innovations beating the restaurants budget. CONCURRENCE OF THE TEAM To keep your restaurants name as first ever choice, BOLD you in ads utilizing the public relations, magazines and medias, create a attractive website to reach public ? Let the team of the restaurant be chained and very cooperative in a way that every ones uplifting ideas shall be considered, ? Chef shall improve in presentation, taste and create new recipes, make signature special delights to welcome the customers again, ? Waiters shall express more hospitality and design appealing tables, ? Provide warm welcome with traditional or trendy touch relevant to customer’s choice. Store keeping must be modified and sketched according to the menu and demand. ?Make creation and innovation in the restaurants outlook which matches the region of the menu. (Bernard, 2008) TIPS FOR RESTAURANT TOPUP ?Healthy skepticism in choosing the staffs, reducing the working hours instead of winding up the staffs will avoid acrimony and develop a positive work atmosphere. ?Brochures with cook tips and recipes with a health note to the customers will gain more appeal. ?Entertainment features like music, Lcd TV, will make the dine more lively ? Play corner with toys equipped for kids will comfort and relax the family ? Lucky dip coupons for each bill with winning price of family free dinner or tour trip would drag in the public ? If there is a break down in kitchen wares, try to repair than replacing. ?Improvising the customer service with more privileges and patience ? Home delivery for low price will help to lift profit ?Conduct food festivals of different regions and prepare delicacies. ?Feed back from the customers could help improvise the service(Douglas, 2003) ELEMENTS OF SUCCESS ?Have a distinctive concept that has been well researched. ?Ensure that all decisions make long-term economic sense. Adapt desirable technologies, especially for record keeping and tracking customers. ?Educate managers through continuing education at trade shows and workshops. An environment that Fosters professional growth has better productivity. ?Effectively and regularly communicate values and objectives to employees. ?Maintain a clear vision, mission, and operation strategies, but be willing to amend strategies as the situation changes. ?Create a cost-conscious culture, which includes stringent record keeping. ?Focus on one concentrated theme and develop it well. Be willing to make a substantial time commitment both to the restaurant and to family ? Create and build a positive organization culture through consistent management. ?Maintain managerial flexibility. ?Choose the location carefully, although having a good location seems to be more a moderating variable than a mediating (causal) variable in restaurant viability. REFERENCE †¢Menu engineering: a practical guide to menu analysis Michael L. Kasavana, Donald I. Smith ,(1982). †¢Color in interior design , John F. Pile (1997) †¢Restaurant confidential: the shocking truth about what youre really eating , Michael F. Jacobson, Jayne G. Hurley (2002) †¢The marketing casebook: cases and concepts? , Sally Dibb, Lyndon Simkin Business Economics 1994 †¢Restaurants, clubs bars: planning, design and investment for food service Facilities, Fred Lawson – 1994 †¢The 2006-2011 World Outlook for Indian Ready Meals By Icon Group International, Inc. Staff †¢Food and beverage management, Bernard Davis, edition 4, 2008. †¢The restaurant: from concept to operation, John R. Walker, Edition – 5, 2007. †¢The restaurant managers handbook: how to set up, operate, and manage a restaurant, Douglas Robert Brown, Edition – 3, 2003. www. eatoutmagazine. co. uk †¢www. ausfoodnews. com †¢www. restaurant-hospitality. com †¢www. scribd. com †¢www. caterersearch. com †¢www. eatout. com CONCLUSION Our study indicates that Attributes such as restaurant density, firm size, and managerial characteristics are important to success. The Owner-Manager must have the requisite skills to run a restaurant. While the restaurateur should plan carefully in growing the business. To Plan the situation matters than to blame the situation. The Restaurant failure rate is affected more by internal factors than by external factors, although both apply.

Essay about Of Ideas, the Mind, and the Universe - 1304 Words

Perception is a concept that we take for granted in our everyday lives. We assume that what we perceive are the physical properties of the objects we encounter. George Berkeley, through his work Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous , questions these notions of what is truly real. Berkeley voices his opinion through the character Philonous, who assumes a very similar role to Socrates in the Platonic dialogues. First, it is necessary to distinguish between different types of sensory perception for clarity’s sake. Philonous systematically shows where all sensory perceptions break down to qualia within the mind in the beginning of his dialogue, first with secondary qualities, and then primary qualities. To explain our sense of objective†¦show more content†¦Hylas believes that heat is inherent within the object (and is thus an example of one of Locke’s primary qualities), but Philonous presents him with a simple thought experiment which dispels Hylas’ belief: â€Å"Supose now one of your hands hot, and the other cold, and that they are both at once put into the same vessel of water, in an intermediate state; will not the water seem cold to one hand and warm to the other?† Here, Philonous has given an example of two opposite sensations arising from the same object, which, if we assume heat to be a property inherent of the object, creates a contradiction. Therefore, Philonous concludes that heat cannot be a sensible quality. Philonous gives another example, in which he says that if one pricks their finger with a pin, the pain obviously occurs from the prick, not a property inherent in the pin. 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Childhood Obesity Essay - 955 Words

Do you get enough exercise? Are you sure about that? Or how about this, are you overweight, do you even know? Today’s adolescents don’t. In fact today’s adolescents face serious risk from their lack of activity. Today’s children are obese because they have developed some very bad habits related to healthy living and as result can suffer serious physical and psychological damage. Perhaps the most damaging health habit kids today have is their complete and total lack of exercise. Children today are more inclined to a sedentary behavior. Movies, television, the Internet, etc. are all magnets for kids, and while these mediums of entertainment aren’t altogether â€Å"evil† they can breed docile attitudes. If too much time is spent watching†¦show more content†¦Although an unhealthy diet is never a good thing, even with a moderate amount of exercise adolescents can effectively fend off obesity and the negative affects that follow. On the other hand, not all cases of childhood obesity are a result of external forces. In some cases a child’s problem with their weight is mainly a genetic problem. In this case even the healthiest of habits may not be enough to prevent a child from becoming obese. (American Obesity Association) Yet the dramatic increase of overweight adolescents in the past few decades has clearly not been a result of genetics, but rather has in fact been do to poor health habits. Sadly, childhood obesity has more damaging effects than just what is visible on the exterior. When children become overweight they put themselves at great risk for certain conditions that were once thought to be rare in children, these conditions include type 2 diabetes, asthma, and hypertension. Other conditions include orthopedic damage, like stress on the joints caused by excess weight and skin damage like heat rashes and monilial dermatitis. As well, children and adolescents who are obese put themselves at risk of becoming obese adults. Overweight adults are at an even greater risk to suffer from potentially life threatening conditions such as heart disease, high blood pressure and certain forms of cancer. Overweight adults are also at risk for type 2 diabetes.Show MoreRelatedChildhood Obesity : A Obesity1247 Words   |  5 PagesChildhood Obesity: A Review to Prevent the Risk Factors of Childhood Obesity in Our Community. The rates of childhood obesity Worldwide are alarmingly high! Obesity is a global nutritional concern and leads to horrible consequences on our children and becomes a worldwide pandemic. Worldwide estimates of obesity are as high as 43 million, and rates continue to increase each year. In this study, people will find healthy tips to prevent childhood overweight or obesity to help children in our communitiesRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Childhood Obesity1678 Words   |  7 PagesThe prevalence of childhood obesity has remained a serious matter in the United States over the years despite its recent decline (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015). Children who are obese can experience the same devastating health effects as adults who are obese – cardiovascular issues, diabetes, breathing problems, and so forth. In addition, children who are obese are more than likely to become obese as adults, therefore the development of a health fair that would highlight increasedRead MoreThe Effects Of Obesity On Childhood Obesity Essay1953 Words   |  8 Pagesfind out what has caused or what the leading factors to obesity are. Researchers are currently still doing research to find out what causes or what may be the lead to obesity. Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition which considers a child to be obese if their Body Mass Index (BMI) is at or above the 95th percentile for children and teens of the same age and sex. (Rendall., Weden, Lau, Brownell, Nazarov Fernandes, 2014). Obesity is on a rise in the Unites States and all over the worldRead MoreEssay on Childhood Obesity1599 Words   |  7 PagesChildhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. The problem is global and is steadily affecting many low- and middle-income families particularly in the United States. The socioeconomic status of these families contributes to the childhood obesity epidemic. Summary of Article 1 The article, â€Å"Beliefs about the Role of Parenting in Feeding and Childhood Obesity among Mothers of Lower Socioeconomic Status† is a study that was conducted by Alison KalinowskiRead MoreChildhood Obesity : Obesity And Obesity Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesFight to End Obesity Childhood obesity has increased drastically over the past years and has become a health risk to children. In fact, childhood obesity has doubled in numbers in the past thirty years (Childhood Obesity Facts). Obesity occurs when an individual becomes overweight and can be diagnosed by using the body mass index or BMI scale. Obesity causes many diseases in children which cannot be cured without a doctor, in result, childhood obesity drives high health care costs. The existenceRead MoreChildhood Obesity and Its Effect1260 Words   |  6 PagesChildhood obesity is considered to be a serious issue among our youth. Obesity can cause many types of physical problems, which most are aware of, but it can also cause some undesirable internal feelings within children and adolescents who suffer from it. Self-esteem, or self-worth, is important as it helps develop personality and is a major ingredient to our mental health status (Wang, F. and Veugelers, P. J., 2008). Some have said obesity may e ven have a negative effect on cognitive developmentRead MoreChildhood Obesity : The Adolescent Essay3626 Words   |  15 PagesChildhood Obesity: The Adolescent The Finale Paper Presented to: GEN499: General Education Capstone Instructor: Robert Bass Ashford University By: Ranita Wallace March 27, 2015 Childhood Obesity: The Adolescent Obesity is a growing health problem. Obesity is when individuals are overweight, it causes health problems and is a threat to their lives. Usually obesity is a result from over eating and lack of exercise. Obesity is the cause of many health problems such as diabetesRead MoreChildhood Obesity Essay976 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to a 2010 report by The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the prevalence of childhood obesity has more than tripled in the past thirty years. As well as having an impact on health, studies have cited a relationship between obesity and poor school performance as well as a child’s readiness for learning and education. This can be correlated with studies finding â€Å"obese children have a greater risk of social and psychological problems, such as discrimination and poor self-esteem†Read MoreChildhood Obesity : Obesity And Obesity1505 Words   |  7 PagesChildhood Obesity Introduction Childhood Obesity has become more critical public health issue worldwide. However, obesity ratio varies from country to country. In addition, up to a quarter of Australian children are suffering from childhood obesity and obese children are at higher risk to become obese adult. For this reason, child’s weight always matters because it can impact on their health in future. There may be many reasons which affect childhood obesity including sedentary life style, lack ofRead MoreObesity : Childhood Obesity And Obesity955 Words   |  4 Pageswhere the life expectancy of today’s generation is being threatened. Prevention of overweight and obesity is imperative. Parents, especially mothers play a major role in preventing overweight and obesity among the children. Their knowledge of nutrition, food selection and family meal structure has major impact on their children’s food habit. The preschool age is crucial for the children to learn and develop their lifelong hab its. Education starts from home, where parents are the primary source

Parallels between Emily Dickinsons 39 and the Biblical...

In one of my favorite poems by Emily Dickinson, ‘39’ or [49] published in 1858, she almost parallels the life of Job in the Bible who lost all he had, but because he was faithful all of his loss was restored; I like that there are so many ways to interpret the loss and blame in this very short poem; for example, her loss could be a loss of possession or a loss of a child because â€Å"in the sod† could refer to either to an actual plot of land with its crops and the possessions that would come with it or to burying deceased children; to be a beggar could mean that she is literally poor and landless, which would mean that she had no way to provide for herself, or that she had no children and prayed for them; when she says that angels â€Å"reimbursed†¦show more content†¦In another one of my favorite poems by Emily Dickinson ‘1263’ or [1129], she subverts expectations by telling her audience to tell the truth, but to skew it, essentially tell ing them to lie; she writes on a lot of Christian themes so no one expects an advocacy of lying to be part of her poems; however I don’t think her purpose is to promote lying; it is more of a revelation that people love the lie, we don’t always really want truth when we ask someone’s opinion; often we want our own confirmed; here she tells us that telling the whole truth and nothing but the truth wouldShow MoreRelatedAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 Pagesfiction employs generic plots and characters fiction often tells the story of how an innocent young woman is tested by a seductive male Effect: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · patriotism grows instills pride creates common agreement about issues shows differences between Americans and Europeans Historical Context: ï‚ · ï‚ · tells readers how to interpret what they are reading to encourage Revolutionary War support instructive in values American Renaissance/Romanticism period of American Literature - 18001855

Essay on The News Media - 1022 Words

The News Media Being objective has been an unrealistic ethic that defines the news media. Fallows agues that journalism and the news has provided largely entertainment fluff and has virtually selected unthinking news communicated to the American people; and Paenti agrees and states that the Media is big business and therefore is not independent, objective, neutral, informative, balanced, and truthful. Their ideas may seem outlandish and farfetched, but it is the fact of life for the media today. The news media struggles to please every component of the business, from the advertisers to the owners. In turn, every word that is typed or spoken has one side of the story. The news shows that air on television today is nothing. but†¦show more content†¦None of those questions were ever answered. Fallows notes that, There was no overlap whatsoever between the questions the students asked and those raised by the anchors. None of the questions from these news professionals concerned the impac t that legislation or politics on people’s lives (Fallows 22). Fallows goes on to say ...the questions concerned the pure game of-- the struggle among candidates interest mainly in their own advancement (Fallows 23). Even with the opportunity to ask questions that concern people’s lives the media would rather talk about only the tactics of politics, barely skimming the surface of the real important issues that affects common peoples lives. The news media, to many Americans, is a source of impartiality and a way to hear both sides of the story. Contrary to those popular beliefs, personal beliefs and economic interests do not only persuade the news media. Fallows gives many examples of public icons that have stated facts that had hidden agendas. The first example I will use, that Fallows brings up an event that happened in May 1995. A man named George Will wrote a column and made on-air comments scorning President Clinton and his administration for planning to pla ce tariffs on Japanese cars focusing on the Lexus. On the Brinkley show Will said that the tariffs would be illegal and would amount to a subsidy for Mercedes dealerships. Fallows goes on to say, Neither in his column nor on the showShow MoreRelatedNews Media2015 Words   |  9 Pages Answer each question below. Answers should be approximately 100 words per question. 1. What are the primary roles of media delivering news to the public The primary roles of media delivering news to the public are to inform, explain, update, educate, and entertain. The media wants to send the news out to the public. This means citizens; including members of the news media should be respectful of readers and tell the truth at all times. People want quick and truthful information on what is happeningRead MoreMedia Is Not A New Concept1548 Words   |  7 Pages Media is not a new concept and has been in existence since spoken word. The evolution of media has changed greatly and is currently in the golden age of televised, printed, and internet based consumer interaction. These new forms of media allow near instant interaction with a channel’s staff of actors, anchors, journalists, meteorologists, news experts, and models. Recently, news stations have been under intense scrutiny for their continued inadequate role in the advancement of women in the workforceRead MoreThe And New Zealand Media Essay1329 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will demonstrate how both American and New Zealand media outlets shape and filter all their stories and decide what people see and think about, and how to think about certain stories; also known as ‘Agenda Setting’. New Zealand and America interpret news completely differently, what is important in America may have zero relevance to New Zealand media and vis versa. Agenda-setting is more obvious in the New York times, they report on specific events to endorse and highlight events orRead MoreSoft Media And Soft News Media Essay2034 Words   |  9 PagesJust how influential are soft news outlets in informing the american people? I approached this topic with an interest in the answer because soft news media is one of the early ways that I was introduced to politics. It is through this medium of media that I have seen many people increase their political participation. There have been some studies in this topic but I want to see how prevalent these studies are to today’s soft news media. One of the more useful resources that I had while writing thisRead MoreDramatic Changes in New Media1891 Words   |  8 PagesIt has been said that new media is making dramatic changes in every aspect of pe ople’s lives, and is revolutionary in how we learn and communicate with each other. In fact, the development and availability of new media is arguably the most revolutionary change in our societies progress to develop and expand knowledge in all areas of expertise. New media refers to â€Å"on demand access to content anytime, anywhere, on any digital device, as well as interactive user feedback, and creative participationRead MoreThe Advantages of the New Media Technologies Essay612 Words   |  3 PagesThe Advantages of the New Media Technologies Portability is a big advantage of new media technologies and is being touched upon by nearly all newly released technologies. Everything that has been previously released is then re-released but in a smaller version. One good example of this is the iPod. Although there original iPod was a huge seller, selling 4.5 million in just 3 months, Apple then decided to release the ‘iPod mini’. Even though it was only possible to fitRead MoreEssay on The Evolutionary Ladder to New Media984 Words   |  4 Pagessat by the radio sets in their homes waiting for a familiar voice to greet them with the latest news. A few years later, those airways filled with a new signal, one that carried thousands of pieces of data that a television set at home would convert to video. Throughout the innovations in the airwaves, newspapers and print media hung on by a thin line. However, with the introduction of new forms of media powered by the internet, Fathers do not have to wait for the morning newspaper to read the headlinesRead MorePublic Relation And The Impact Of New Media1343 Words   |  6 PagesPublic relation and The Impact of New Media Advertising is a crucial piece of any business since it is the most direct correspondence between the firm and the general population. For a business to appreciate long haul achievement, it needs to be able to advance and adjust with the always showing signs of change patterns of people in general keeping in mind the end goal to comprehend the requirements and worries of the overall population. Creator and business person Deirdre K. Breakenridge (2008)Read MoreThe Impact Of New Media On The Globalization Process?1081 Words   |  5 Pages2. To what extent has new media played a role in the globalization process? In this new century, people of all ages and backgrounds are using new media tools for a variety of reasons. New media is an interactive forms of communication via the Internet, including podcasts, RSS feeds, text messaging, blogs, social networks etc. It is possible for everyone that can access to the new media to use simple tools to create, modify and share content and share it with anyone in different parts of world, usingRead MorePositive And Effective Communications With News Media Essay998 Words   |  4 PagesPositive and effective communications with news media are critical to La Salle University’s ability to achieve its mission: To help students gain theoretical and practical knowledge, deepen their ethical sensibilities, and prepare for a lifetime of continuous learning, professional success, and dedicated service. Positive media relations practices result in earning news stories that promote the University as a whole; expand the visibility of the Office of the Presi dent; and ensure that truthful information

Responding to the text Essay Example For Students

Responding to the text Essay The first thing that we did on receiving the text was to read through it in large group, in which we randomly assigned the parts of the characters to members of the group. We did this to get a feel for the play, and for the themes that are most important and concurrent within the play. We felt that it was important for each member of our group to have a substantial understanding of the emotions of each of the characters in the play, so that they would be able to locate the drama in the scene in relation to the relationships between the characters and their varying statuses. The play focuses on how religion indoctrinates people, until they cannot recognise what they know to be right through what they have been made to believe by their society. It also shows how the power of this indoctrination is concentrated as it is passed from generation to generation. The form of prejudice that Goetze most clearly parodies in the play is racism. He does this at times to comic effect (often voiced by Sylvian), but the beliefs of the family members tear them apart, and Goetze depicts the way in which peoples foolish prejudices can ruin their lives. He does this by showing the contrast between the life that the family had before the appearance of the goat-herders, and the life that they began once they had arrived. He also shows how ridiculous peoples prejudices are, and how really all people are much the same. The first strategy we explored using when we were trying to focus on the themes that Goetze communicates in the text was a role-play. We wanted to explore the feeling of unwarranted rejection and exclusion that the goat-herders had inflicted upon them by the sheepherders. We sent one member of our group outside and when he returned we ignored him, and excluded him from our conversations/gatherings within the main group. Once he had given up trying to talk with us, we asked him how he felt. This exercise helped people to empathise with people who are being discriminated against. The two emotions that were key to the role-play were of alienation and exclusion from both the excluded and the excluder. The emotions that we were able to focus on with this exercise we were later able to recall when implementing Stanislavskis emotion memory technique. Once we were assigned smaller working groups to begin focusing on a single scene from the text, we began by choosing a scene that was of particular importance to the plays development, or that was particularly poignant and worthy of particular attention. The scene that we chose was Scene Five as we felt that this scene was the one in which the prejudice is most violently and poignantly culminated. It begins as the traditional family meal scene, but by the end it shows the family torn apart by their conflicting views. The first thing we did when we had chosen the scene was picking out the key points within the scene and act them out. We acted them out first as an improvisation, we acted it without scripts, as this, we felt, inhibited peoples thinking as their character, and disabled them from fully becoming their character. We also experimented with acting the scene speaking our characters internal monologue; we did this to ensure that we were fully in contact with our characters emotions. I found that speaking the feelings of my character in rehearsal benefited the final performance as it allowed me to cross the line that it was necessary for me to when I got into role.   At any stage that any of the members of the group felt that their own, or any other group members adopted role had weakened, we utilised a technique known as hot-seating in using this technique we would enclose a single member of the group by surrounding him, and ask quick, simple questions that he would answer in role. .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7 , .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7 .postImageUrl , .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7 , .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7:hover , .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7:visited , .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7:active { border:0!important; } .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7:active , .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7 .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uca0cbfdc766bd2b42a26a6158dc1e2a7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Criticism on Brave New World by Aldous Huxley EssayThese generally began with pieces of more elementary pieces of knowledge that the person could gain from reading the text superficially, for example, what is your name, where do you live etc. When we began to ask questions relating to the characters emotions and feelings, it was necessary for the subject of the hot-seat to envelope themselves in their role. A clear change could clearly be seen in the quality of the groups work after we had held one of these sessions.

The U.S. Entering World War II Essay Example For Students

The U.S. Entering World War II Essay A date that will live in infamy, (Snyder 33) was what President Franklin Delano Roosevelt called December 7, 1941. It was a calm Sunday morning at Pearl Harbor on the island of Oahu. Then two U.S. soldiers saw an oscilloscope signal on their mobile radars. They immediately called this in to their commanding officer but he told them to ignore it because the base was expecting a squadron of friendly B-17s to be coming from the mainland. Thirty minutes later the first bomb fell and almost killed a courier boy who was trying to deliver a message to Pearl Harbor Naval Base that the Japanese Imperial Navy was going to attack them. The Japanese bombers caught the base by surprise due to the Americans tradition of not working on Sundays. As the bombs fell, so did all the chances of the United States not joining the Allies in the second world war that wasraging in Europe and the western Pacific. Up to that point the U.S. had just been supporting the Allies but they werent technically at war with the Axis powers. All throughout the first two years of the war, President Roosevelt focused on making life diff icult for the Japanese. One way he did this was by creating various policies that would deter the Axis powers from being able to maintain the needs necessary to wage war on the Allies. One of these policies was the American financial and economic embargo, which supported China in its fight against Japan. It also, somewhat, forced neutral countries to side with the U.S. because it threatened that if any country would aid one of the Axis countries then that country would no longer be given aid packages from the United States. A second policy imposed by Roosevelt was the moral embargo of July 1938. This banned neutral countries from exporting planes and equipment to countries who engaged in the bombing of civilians. This made the U.S. look like the good guys because they were protecting the innocent people who were being killed just because the lived in a different country. By imposing these policies, the U.S. was disallowing the economic growth of the Axis countries and forcingthem to support themselves, as long as they were against the Allies. These policies were a type of weapon that Roosevelt used in order to attack the enemy without formally declare war. This would be one of the primary reasons why Roosevelt would allow Pearl Harbor to occur. Before the betrayal at Pearl Harbor occurred, a poll was taken of the U.S. citizens opinion about Roosevelt taking them into the war. Ninety-four percent were against the United States getting involved. If Roosevelt would have just attacked Japan first, he would have lost a great majority of the support he was receiving from the general population of the United States. All the facts lead to the very probable possibility that Roosevelt may have helped plan the attack at Pearl Harbor or at least gave the go-ahead to whoever did plan. It is no coincidence that half of the U.S. Navys gunboats were reassigned to Pearl Harbor only a couple of months before the attack. Roosevelt sent all the expendable ships to Pearl Harbor an d all the carriers and battleships to run drills near San Diego. Roosevelt figured that, if he was going to allow American ships to be destroyed, they might as well be the ships that are out of date and inexpensive to replace, in comparison with some of the Navys other ships. The attack on Pearl Harbor enraged the American commoner so much that they changed their views completely and wanted Japan to pay for the surprise attack in Hawaii. After all, the American people only knew that negotiations were under way in Washington DC and that the U.S. was working for peace not war. They saw the attack on Pearl Harbor as an act of betrayal. Another fact, that contributes to the possibility of Roosevelt being involved in the planning of Pearl Harbor, is that the two commanding officers at the time of the attack were acquitted, in a retrial, of all accusations of their dereliction of their duties. .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b , .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b .postImageUrl , .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b , .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b:hover , .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b:visited , .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b:active { border:0!important; } .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b:active , .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufdbcde7005b94bdb93897c48d2ce595b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Beginning of it All Essay Therefore, there must have been some reason why they didnt worry about the incoming planes. This reason is that they had orders, from a higher ranking official, to ignore the signals. This order may have come down from Roosevelt himself. An interesting event, which greatly supports my thesis, that occurred even before Japan or the U.S. had entered the war, wasPresident Roosevelt and Secretary of the State Hull instructing Admiral William D. Leahy, then the Chief of Naval Operations, to create a war plan based on the contingency of the United States having to fight a two-ocean war. In the Pacific, against Japan, and in the Atlantic, against Italy and Germany. Why would Roosevelt have a war plan drawn up if he said he wasnt going to enter the war? It seems a bit odd, unless, of course, if he was planning on entering the war already and was just trying to find the right reason. Roosevelt may have seen that, sooner or later, the U.S. would have to go to war and they might as well be in control when the first shots are fired against Americans. Roosevelts master plan was very complex and involved a great deal of people. Two of the people who would be affected the most by this plan were Adm. Husband E. Kimmel and Gen. Willi am Short. The reason they would be greatly affected was because they were the scapegoats. Adm. Kimmel, the Pearl Harbor commander, was kept in the dark by his superiors in Washington. Officials in Washington left Adm. Kimmel without any knowledge of the attack until it was too late, and then they blamed Adm. Kimmel for not being ready. The futures of Adm. Kimmel and Gen. Short were a small price to pay for the possibilities of what economic fortunes laid ahead of the U.S. All the planning and effort that went into this scheme, ended up allowing Roosevelt to enter World War II. The attack on PearlHarbor angered the general public of the United States, and if the majority of the people want something the congress will give it to them just so that they will have a job after the next election. Therefore the majority of the congressmen voted in favor of the U.S. entering the war on the side of the Allies. Roosevelt knew that if he could get one of the axis powers to attack Americans then he could get the U.S. in the war. Roosevelt and his cabinet carefully covered their tracks very carefully so as not to leave any signs that there was foulplay. Roosevelt knew beforehand that Japan was going to attack, but he didnt take any drastic peace-keeping actions to prevent the attack, because he wanted a justifiable reason to enter the second World War. Work CitedKeegan, John. The Second World War. New York: Viking Penguin, 1989. Snyder, Louis L., et al. Readers Digest Illustrated Story of World War II. New York: Readers Digest Association, 1969. Parenthetic citation form: (Snyder et al. 33)Divine, Robert A. Roosevelt World War II. Baltimore: The John Hopkins Press, 1969. Richardson Steirman, Inc. The Secret History of World War II. New York: Richard Steirman, Inc., 1986. Morison, Samuel Eliot. The Two-Ocean War. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1963